Question No – 1

Mr. khawar has never received a violation from the Federal Aviation Administration during his 16-year flying career. Khawar must be a great pilot.

Which of the following can be said about the reasoning above?

(A) The definitions of the terms create ambiguity.

(B) The argument uses circular reasoning.

(C) The argument works by analogy.

(D) The argument is built upon hidden assumptions.

(E) This is an example of an argument that is directed against the source of the claim rather than the claim itself.

Solution:

Option Analysis:

• (A) The definitions of the terms create ambiguity.
  There is no ambiguity in the terms used here.
• (B) The argument uses circular reasoning.
  Circular reasoning would mean the conclusion is repeated or assumed in the premises, which isn’t the case here.
• (C) The argument works by analogy.
  There’s no analogy being made between two similar cases.
• (D) The argument is built upon hidden assumptions.
  Correct. The hidden assumption here is that no violations equate to being a “great pilot,” which may not account for all aspects of piloting skill.
• (E) This is an example of an argument that is directed against the source of the claim rather than the claim itself.
  This is incorrect as the statement doesn’t attack the source but instead makes an assumption about Khawar’s skills based on his record.

Answer: (D)

Question No – 2

Although most of the fastest growing jobs in today’s economy will require a college degree, many of the new jobs being created-from home health aide to desktop publisher-require knowledge other than that gained from earning a degree. For workers in those jobs, good basic skills in reading, communigreion, and mathematics play an important role in getting a job and developing a career.

From the information given above it can be validly concluded that, in today’s economy,

(A) Skills in reading, communigreion, and mathematics play an important role in developing a career as a desktop publisher

(B) The majority of the new jobs being created require knowledge other than that gained from earning a college degree

(C) A job as a home health aide will rely more on communigreion skills than on basic skills in reading and mathematics

(D) If a job is one of the fastest growing jobs, it will require a college degree

(E) Desktop publisher jobs and home health aide jobs are not among the fastest growing jobs

Solution:

Option Analysis:

• (A) Skills in reading, communication, and mathematics play an important role in developing a career as a desktop publisher.
  Correct. The passage specifies that jobs like desktop publisher require basic skills, so this is a valid conclusion.
• (B) The majority of the new jobs being created require knowledge other than that gained from earning a college degree.
  The passage does not state that the majority of all new jobs are like this, just “many.”
• (C) A job as a home health aide will rely more on communication skills than on basic skills in reading and mathematics.
  There’s no basis in the passage to conclude this level of specificity about skill emphasis.
• (D) If a job is one of the fastest-growing jobs, it will require a college degree.
  This would be overgeneralizing; the passage states “most,” not “all,” of the fastest-growing jobs require a degree.
• (E) Desktop publisher jobs and home health aide jobs are not among the fastest-growing jobs.
  The passage doesn’t state that these jobs aren’t among the fastest-growing, only that they are part of a broader group of new jobs created without degree requirements.

Answer: (A)